Introduction
Cannabis in Italy has undergone significant changes in recent years. From the legalization of medicinal cannabis in 2013 to the rise of light cannabis in 2017, Italy has seen how this plant has gone from being stigmatized to being accepted and regulated in certain aspects. In this article, we will explore the legal situation of cannabis in Italy and how it has evolved over time.
Cannabis Medicinal: La Ley Di Bella
More than a decade ago, in 2007, Italy began taking steps towards the legalization of medicinal cannabis. In that year, the therapeutic properties of THC, one of the active components of the plant, were recognized. Six years later, in 2013, the medicinal use of cannabis was legalized in its plant form and in the form of medicines based on marijuana extracts. This law, known as the Di Bella Law, allowed any doctor to prescribe cannabis-based medications to their patients, as long as they considered it necessary for their diagnosis. In addition, all pharmacies in the country can supply these products with a doctor’s prescription.
In Italy, it is common for cannabis to be prescribed in its natural form, whether in flowers or buds, and its consumption in infusions or inhaled with a vaporizer is recommended. It is used to treat various medical conditions, such as chronic pain, multiple sclerosis, cancer, HIV, and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. It is also used to relieve the side effects of treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as well as to stimulate appetite in cases of anorexia nervosa.
The therapeutic cannabis consumed in Italy is known as FM2, which refers to the two main active components of the plant, THC and CBD. Cannabis production is carried out at the Military Pharmaceutical Institute in Florence, in collaboration with the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Defense. FM2 contains between 5% and 8% THC and between 7.5% and 12% CBD.
Cannabis Recreativo: The Ley Jervolino-Vassalli
Although recreational use of cannabis remains illegal in Italy, possession of small amounts for personal use is considered a misdemeanor. Sanctions may include fines and the suspension of official documents, such as a driver’s license or passport. However, since 2014, there has been a change in legislation that has created a more favorable outlook for consumers. The Jervolino-Vassalli Law has drawn a distinction between hard drugs and soft drugs, leading to less severe penalties for cannabis.
Although it has not yet been fully regulated, there is a bill for the legalization of recreational cannabis in Italy. If approved, it would be allowed to carry up to 5 grams of cannabis, have up to 15 grams at home, and grow up to 5 female plants for personal consumption. In addition, the creation of cannabis social clubs with a maximum of 100 members is contemplated.
Cannabis Light: Regulated by the Industrial Cannabis Law
Light cannabis is legal in Italy and is regulated by the Industrial Cannabis Law. These are flowers with low THC content and high CBD content, which have become very popular in the country. The EasyJoint company has been a pioneer in the marketing and distribution of this type of cannabis. These varieties do not exceed 0.6% THC and are gaining more and more acceptance in Italian society. Although its sale is allowed, it is important to highlight that cannabis in Italy remains illegal and its consumption must be carried out in accordance with current legislation.
Conclusion
In summary, Italy has seen significant changes to its cannabis legislation in recent years. From the legalization of medical cannabis in 2013 to the acceptance and regulation of light cannabis, the country has taken important steps towards greater understanding and acceptance of this plant. Although recreational cannabis is not yet regulated, there are proposals for its legalization in the future. It is important to note that, despite these changes, cannabis in Italy remains illegal and its consumption must be carried out in accordance with current legislation.
